轴向应力波作用下的圆柱壳弹塑性后屈曲

为揭示柱壳屈曲变形的发展机理及屈曲波与弹塑性应力波耦合传播间的关系,运用非线性显示动力学有限元分析方法对承受轴向高速冲击载荷作用下柱壳的弹塑性后屈曲过程进行了研究。分析结果表明:对于柱壳在轴向高速冲击下的弹塑性轴对称动力屈曲,主要屈曲变形发生在柱壳的两端,屈曲变形的产生及发展与应力波在壳中的传播过程密切相关;塑性应力波在整个屈曲过程中起了绝对支配的作用;屈曲波的产生及发展,都与塑性波的传播及反射有关;弹性应力波由于在整个屈曲过程中持续的时间极短,处于次要的地位。     

有限水深Kelvin源格林函数及其导数的快速计算

应用线性船舶水动力学理论,将有限水深Kelvin移动兴波源格林函数分解成3部分:简单Rankine源集合、局部扰动项和波函数项。对各部分在亚临界和超临界航速时的快速计算分别作了讨论,其中对计算费时的局部扰动项采用了复数中的最陡下降积分法,加快了计算速度,进而引出各部分偏导数的计算。最后,比较了格林函数的差分值与偏导数值,计算了薄船兴波阻力与表面兴波,讨论了不同面元网格划分的收敛性,证实了亚临界、超临界航速兴波分别以横波、散波为主。     

基于小波包能量谱的管道缺陷磁记忆检测信号特征研究

现有磁记忆检测技术判定准则,只能指示应力集中位置,无法进一步获取应力集中信息。为获取应力集中信息,提出一种基于小波包能量谱的磁记忆信号分析方法,进行试件拉伸试验。拉伸应力为200 MPa时,信号小波包能量谱分布较为均匀,各频带能量占总能量之比均小于15%,不存在集中分布的频带范围。拉伸应力为410 MPa时,信号小波包能量谱最大值分布在1,3,4频带,1~4频带能量之和占总能量的73.8%,小波包能量主要集中在低频段。试件屈服后,信号小波包能量谱最大值分布在1,2频带,能量谱分布极为分散,能量主要集中在低频段的1,2频带,1~3频带能量之和占总能量的87.3%。管道试件应力集中程度与磁记忆信号的小波包能量谱分布特征有关,应力集中程度越低,小波包能量谱分布越均匀;应力集中程度越高,小波包能量谱分布越集中,能量主要向低频段集中。     

内压圆筒大开孔结构补强设计与应力分析

根据整体补强和厚壁接管补强2种型式,为内压圆筒大开孔结构确定满足结构和工艺要求的圆筒壁厚和3种规格接管壁厚。采用压力面积法和ASME规范对该大开孔结构进行强度校核,并运用有限元分析法进行结构的应力分析和数字模拟,比较不同壁厚接管的补强效果,从而确定容器的结构尺寸。设备实际运行结果表明:该结构强度满足工作要求。     

Shock wave mitigation using zig-zag structures and cylindrical obstructions

The present study focuses on the mitigation of shock wave using novel geometric passages in the flow field. The strategy is to produce multiple shock reflections and diffractions in the passage with minimum flow obstruction, which in turn is expected to reduce the shock wave strength at the target location. In the present study the interaction of a plane shock front (generated from a shock tube) with various geometric designs such as, 1) zig-zag geometric passage, 2) staggered cylindrical obstructions and 3) zig-zag passage with cylindrical obstructions have been investigated using computational technique. It is seen from the numerical simulation that, among the various designs, the maximum shock attenuation is produced by the zig-zag passage with cylindrical obstructions which is then followed by zig-zag passage and staggered cylindrical obstructions. A comprehensive investigation on the shock wave reflection and diffraction phenomena happening in the proposed complex passages have also been carried out. In the new zig-zag design, the initial shock wave undergoes shock wave reflection and diffraction process which swaps alternatively as the shock front moves from one turn to the other turn. This cyclic shock reflection and diffraction process helps in diffusing the shock wave energy with practically no obstruction to the flow field. It is found that by combining the shock attenuation ability of zig-zag passage (using shock reflection and diffraction) with the shock attenuation ability of cylindrical blocks (by flow obstruction), a drastic attenuation in shock strength can be achieved with moderate level of flow blocking.     

Development of multi-physics numerical simulation model to investigate thermo-mechanical fatigue crack propagation in an autofrettaged gun barrel

In this research, a detailed multi-physics study has been carried out by numerically simulating a solid fractured gun barrel for 20 thermo-mechanical cycles. The numerical model is based on thermal effects, mechanical stress fields and fatigue crack mechanics. Elastic-plastic material data of modified AISI 4340 at temperatures ranging from 25 to 1200 °C and at strain rates of 4, 16, 32 and 48 s⁻¹ was acquired from high-temperature compression tests. This was used as material property data in the simulation model. The boundary conditions applied are kept similar to the working gun barrel during continuous firing. A methodology has been provided to define thermo-mechanically active surface-to-surface type interface between the crack faces for a better approximation of stresses at the crack tip. Comparison of results from non-autofrettaged and autofrettaged simulation models provide useful information about the evolution of strains and stresses in the barrel at different points under combined thermo-mechanical loading cycles in both cases. The effect of thermal fatigue under already induced compressive yield due to autofrettage and the progressive degradation of the accumulated stresses due to thermo-mechanical cyclic loads on the internal surface of the gun barrel (mimicking the continuous firing scenario) has been analyzed. Comparison between energy release rate at tips of varying crack lengths due to cyclic thermo-mechanical loading in the non-autofrettaged and autofrettaged gun has been carried out.     

海水中电磁波的弯曲

利用导电媒质中的斯耐尔定律 ,研究了电磁波在空气—海水界面的行为及在海水中的传播情况 ,得出了低频电磁波总是沿垂直海面的方向向海里传播 ,在存在温度梯度的情况下电磁波在向海底传播过程中会发生弯曲的结论     

基于Neumann谱和PM谱的海浪感应磁场能量分布计算

结合前人在海浪功率谱以及海浪产生磁场两方面的研究 ,求出了海浪 磁场系统的传递函数 ,分析了该系统的性质 ,并利用该传递函数和Neumann谱、PM谱计算了磁场功率谱 ;在此基础上 ,根据实际观测我国海区的海浪高度 周期分布 ,求解海浪分布参数 ,模拟实际的海浪过程 ,求出了实际情况下的海浪感应磁场功率谱 ,并分析了其特性 .     

图像处理技术在桨叶表面应力分布试验中的应用

介绍图像处理技术在桨叶表面应力分布测试试验中的应用情况 ,对实际使用中的图像处理技术进行了较详细的分析讨论 .经过处理后的桨叶试验图像 ,不仅增加了图像的清晰程度 ,而且从中可获得半定量以至定量的参数 ,以帮助对桨叶表面应力分布进行分析     

螺旋齿轮齿面接触应力理论计算

应用赫兹理论和齿轮啮合理论给出了螺旋齿轮齿面接触应力的计算方法和相关公式 .算例的计算结果表明螺旋齿轮齿面接触应力明显大于相近参数的圆柱斜齿轮 ,这是此类齿轮用于主传动时普遍出现齿面磨损的一个重要原因 ,因此在设计确定齿轮参数时必须校核接触应力 .